What are the main differences between term life insurance and permanent life insurance?

Term life insurance and permanent life insurance are two distinct types of life insurance policies, each with its own features and benefits. Here are the main differences between the two:

1. Coverage Duration: Term life insurance provides coverage for a specific period, typically ranging from 10 to 30 years. If the policyholder passes away during the term, the death benefit is paid out to the beneficiaries. Permanent life insurance, on the other hand, offers coverage for the entire lifetime of the policyholder.

2. Premiums: Term life insurance generally has lower premiums compared to permanent life insurance. Since term policies have a defined term and no cash value component, the premiums are typically more affordable. Permanent life insurance policies, especially those with a cash value component, have higher premiums as they provide lifelong coverage and potential savings or investment growth.

3. Cash Value: Permanent life insurance policies, such as whole life or universal life insurance, accumulate a cash value over time. A portion of the premium payments is allocated towards the cash value, which grows tax-deferred. Policyholders can access this cash value through loans or withdrawals. Term life insurance does not build any cash value during the policy term.

4. Flexibility: Permanent life insurance offers more flexibility compared to term life insurance. Policyholders can adjust their coverage amount, premium payments, and even use the cash value to pay premiums or take loans. Term life insurance provides straightforward coverage without many customization options.

5. Investment Component: Permanent life insurance policies with cash value allow policyholders to invest the cash value in various investment options, such as stocks, bonds, or money market funds. This potential for investment growth is not available in term life insurance.

Choosing between term life insurance and permanent life insurance depends on individual needs and financial goals. Term life insurance is often preferred for its affordability and specific coverage period, while permanent life insurance offers lifelong coverage, cash value accumulation, and more flexibility but at a higher cost.